Real-World

Careful with randomness! 🚨

Let $\mathbb{G}$ be a commutative group under the addition law ($+$) and let $G \in \mathbb{G}$ be its generator. The group has an order $p$. We define a scalar multiplication $k \cdot G$ as $\underbrace{G+…+G}_\text{$k$~times}$.

Now assume that given an element $Q \in \mathbb{G}$ it is computationally unfeasible to find $k$ such that $Q = k \cdot G$. We have seen in a different challenge that it is easy to go from $G$ to $k \cdot G$ but now we are assuming that it is hard to go from $k \cdot G$ to $G$. This is called a one-way function. In this challenge, we will build a signature scheme and an encryption scheme based on this function.